The school was founded on 1^st October, 1985 by a group of old pupils of Adidome E. P. Schools under the leadership of the late Rev E. K. Titiati with seven (7) teachers and fifty seven (57) students. At the time it was founded, it was called Mafi Community Day Secondary School. It had its first site at the defunct Rockshell Work Camp near the Adidome–Sogakope Junction. The first Headmaster, Mr H. A. K. Nyikplorkpo, took over the management and administration of the school. He immediately took steps to find a more permanent and conducive site for the school and ended up acquiring one of the abandoned blocks of the erstwhile State Farms Corporation, which is opposite the Adidome District Assembly (along the Residency Road) with the digital address VV-0381-7528.

Mr Johnie Kulego, a native of Mafi based in Sweden, provided the seed money which was used in restructuring the initial building into classrooms and offices.It got registered as a private Secondary school on 7^th August, 1987 and was awarded certificate “B” by the Ghana Education Service (GES). Through an inspection by GES in 1989, the school was given a partial absorption into the public school system. It fully became a Government Assisted School in January, 1991.

Later, it became very necessary to change the traditional name of the school from Mafi Community Secondary School to Adidome Secondary School to reflect the town where the school is located and this was effected in the 2005/2006 academic year. The school was upgraded to a Model School status 2005/2006 academic year with the resultant effects being expansion in infrastructural facilities, and student enrolments with the consequent staff increase. In 2022, the student population stands at 2,340 with 113 teachers and 52 non-teaching staff.

The school serves as a District Science Resource Centre for the Central Tongu District. It has been offering inclusive education since 2008. It therefore educates visually impaired and sighted students together.